A woman named Maddalena gave Charles Leland a manuscript that collects the rites and beliefs of an ancient religion related to witchcraft and that It was developed in Tuscany.It was Aradia: The Gospel of the Witches .
Aradia: The Gospel of the Witches
Who was Aradia? Aradia was the daughter of the goddess Diana who was sent by her mother to the earth to teach witchcraft to the most disadvantaged humans to help them in their social struggle.It is a kind of messianic figure.

Charles Godfrey Leland was a British writer and folklorist who, while in Tuscany, in 1886, met a mysterious woman who said his name was Maddalena Talenti This woman told him that she belonged to a ancient witch lineage who lived in Tuscany since the Etruscan era.

She sent him a manuscript, the « Vangelo », with the rites and beliefs on which his creed was based: the "ancient religion of the witches".Leland translated and complete it to form the "Aradia: The Gospel of the Witches" .

The book , which in addition to a preface and an appendix, consists of 15 chapters, contains rites, spells, spells and stories related to witchcraft, that are the basis of a counterreligion opposed to Catholicism and the dominant hierarchy.In the first chapter he explains how Aradia teaches his followers the practice of witchcraft. His first disciples were slaves who escaped the mastery of their masters to become thieves and to whom Aradia teaches witchcraft so that they persecute the oppressors and wicked people who inhabit the earth.In the following chapters we can find, among other things, the origin of Arad ia, Diana's daughter, and her relationship with her brother Cain and also practical explanations of how to make spells, amulets or the rituals to follow during the covens.One of the most curious spells is in chapter IV and serves to invoke Diana's favor through a bored stone that must have been found casually.
"Spirit of good omen, who casually come to my aid , I was in great need of you...»
If you are interested in reading it directly you can do it in English on Wikisource:« Aradia, or the Gospel of the Witches «.

Among historians there are doubts about the veracity of the manuscript .This one, which was written in puno and lyrics by Maddalena Talenti herself, may be the transcription of an older manuscript, of an oral tradition or to deal with it was simply a fake.In any case, Leland considered it true and managed to edit it.When it came to public light, it was the basis for a new Neopagan religion that wished to sink its roots into a united medieval tradition to witchcraft.In the decade of the 50-60 of the twentieth century, it was published again and managed to influence the followers of neo-paganism, now practically disappeared.
If you are interested in enigmatic books, you may want Read the post: 6 grimoires or creepy magic books.
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